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This Native Evergreen Loves the Cold!
The Balsam Fir, 'Abies balsamea', exhibits a relatively dense, dark-green, pyramidal crown. It is a small to medium sized evergreen tree, develops a wide base, and has a narrow top that ends in a slender spire-like top. The scientific name "balsamea" is an ancient word for the balsam tree, so named because of the many resinous blisters found in the bark. Balsam fir and Fraser fir have many similar characteristics.
The Balsam Fir has needles that are 1 1/2 inches long, are flat, rounded at the tip, and normally have a strong curve. These needles are dark green above and whitened below. This fir does not produce seeds until it is 20 years old, or 15 feet tall.
The species thrives in cooler climates and demands abundant soil moisture and a humid atmosphere. Balsam Fir is one of the more important conifers in the northern United States, and it makes up a large percentage of the popular Christmas tree!
The Balsam Fir is a great specimen tree, and many wildlife rely extensively on this tree for food and shelter!
- Food for wildlife
- Specimen
- Christmas tree
| Botanical Name | Abies balsamea |
|---|---|
| Mature Height | 40 - 50 feet |
| Mature Spread | 20 - 30 feet |
| Soil Type | Loam, Sandy, Clay |
| Sun Exposure | Full Sun, Partial Shade |
| Growth Rate | Moderate |
| Fall Color | Green |
| Pollinator Required | No |
| Pollinator Friendly | No |
| Growing Zone Range | 3-5 |
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